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2017 GHG Emissions Inventory Pleasanton Climate Action Plan Update 17 3.2 Transportation Emissions On-Road Transportation modeling for Passenger VMT attributed to the City of Pleasanton was obtained using the Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) VMT data model. The emissions associated with on-road transportation were then calculated by multiplying the estimated daily VMT and the average vehicle emissions rate established by CARB EMFAC2017 modeling for vehicles within the region. The MTC model does not directly provide VMT projections for 2017, so VMT was estimated by interpolating for years between 2015 and 2020 (for which VMT data is directly available from the MTC model). The MTC VMT modeling results allocate the total VMT derived from the activity-based model to using the Origin-Destination (O-D) method. The O-D VMT method is the preferred method recommended by the U.S Community Protocol in on-road methodology TR.1 and TR.2 to estimate miles traveled based on trip start and end locations. Under these recommendations, all trips that start and end within the City are attributed to the City. Additionally, one half of the trips that start internally and end externally and vice versa are attributed to the City, and no “pass through” trips are accounted for. Due to the MTC model not being able to provide VMT for unincorporated county areas, data was used from the Highway Performance Monitoring System,40 which is published annually by Caltrans. This data provides VMT counts on local roads for each jurisdiction, as well as County-level VMT for all other roads (State highways, roads on land under State or federal jurisdiction such as military bases or State parks, etc.). This data includes all vehicle types and is allocated using the geographic boundary method. Commercial VMT for heavy-duty vehicles is also provided by MTC, but separately from light-duty vehicles VMT.41 Commercial VMT includes heavy-duty freight trucks, motor homes, public and private buses, and other commercial vehicles. Commercial VMT was assigned to individual communities by MTC using a method called “Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics” (LEHD). Under this method, MTC first models the county-wide VMT of heavy-duty vehicles using an approach called a geographical boundary method. In this method, all the heavy-duty VMT that occurs within a county’s geographic limits is assigned to that county, regardless of where the trip begins or ends. MTC next looks at the number of jobs in specific economic sectors that generate heavy-duty vehicle trips (such as agriculture, construction, retail trade, and manufacturing) for the entire county and for each jurisdiction in the county. The US Census provides the number of jobs in these sectors through its online OnTheMap tool.42 MTC sums the number of jobs in these sectors, and uses the percent of each community’s share of jobs in these sectors, relative to the number of Alameda County jobs in the sectors, to allocate heavy-duty VMT. In 2017, Pleasanton was attributed 7.2 percent of the total commercial VMT in Alameda County, which was 3,553,565. In 2017 on-road transportation in Pleasanton resulted in 329,615 MT CO2e of emissions. This resulted in a 57,348 MT CO2e reduction compared to 2005. During this time VMT increased by 2.6 percent or 17 million miles traveled and the emissions reductions in this sector were driven by an increase in average vehicle efficiency and adoption of electric vehicles. These changes drove the 17 percent decrease in average vehicles emissions per mile. A summary of the VMT results can be found in Table 8. 40 Caltrans. 2019. Highway Performance Monitoring System. Available: <https://dot.ca.gov/programs/research-innovation-system- information/highway-performance-monitoring-system>. Accessed: May 25, 2020 41 East Bay Energy Watch. 2019. Regional Greenhouse Gas Inventory Methodological Summary. Available: <https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53fe4fcfe4b070b8a2eb623b/t/5c36664b21c67c309508c0ff/1547069004776/EBEW- RegionalGHGTool-Methodological-Summary.pdf>. Accessed: May 25, 2020. 42 United States Census Bureau. 2018. OnTheMap Version 6. Available: <https://onthemap.ces.census.gov/>. Accessed: April 2020.