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Cities of Dublin and Pleasanton | Disaster Debris Management Plan | 2022 <br />103 <br /> <br />(ii) The invitation for bids, which will include any specifications and pertinent <br />attachments, must define the items or services in order for the bidder to properly <br />respond; <br />(iii) All bids will be opened at the time and place prescribed in the invitation for bids, <br />and for local and tribal governments, the bids must be opened publicly; <br />(iv) A firm fixed price contract award will be made in writing to the lowest responsive <br />and responsible bidder. Where specified in bidding documents, factors such as <br />discounts, transportation cost, and life cycle costs must be considered in determining <br />which bid is lowest. Payment discounts will only be used to determine the low bid <br />when prior experience indicates that such discounts are usually taken advantage of; <br />and <br />(v) Any or all bids may be rejected if there is a sound documented reason. <br /> <br />(d) Procurement by competitive proposals. The technique of competitive proposals is normally <br />conducted with more than one source submitting an offer, and either a fixed price or cost- <br />reimbursement type contract is awarded. It is generally used when conditions are not <br />appropriate for the use of sealed bids. If this method is used, the following requirements <br />apply: <br /> <br />(1) Requests for proposals must be publicized and identify all evaluation factors and their <br />relative importance. Any response to publicized requests for proposals must be <br />considered to the maximum extent practical; <br />(2) Proposals must be solicited from an adequate number of qualified sources; <br />(3) The non-Federal entity must have a written method for conducting technical <br />evaluations of the proposals received and for selecting recipients; <br />(4) Contracts must be awarded to the responsible firm whose proposal is most <br />advantageous to the program, with price and other factors considered; and <br />(5) The non-Federal entity may use competitive proposal procedures for qualifications- <br />based procurement of architectural/engineering (A/E) professional services whereby <br />competitors' qualifications are evaluated and the most qualified competitor is selected, <br />subject to negotiation of fair and reasonable compensation. The method, where price <br />is not used as a selection factor, can only be used in procurement of A/E professional <br />services. It cannot be used to purchase other types of services though A/E firms are a <br />potential source to perform the proposed effort. <br /> <br />(e) [Reserved] <br /> <br />(f) Procurement by noncompetitive proposals. Procurement by noncompetitive proposals is <br />procurement through solicitation of a proposal from only one source and may be used <br />only when one or more of the following circumstances apply: <br />(1) The item is available only from a single source; <br />(2) The public exigency or emergency for the requirement will not permit a delay resulting <br />from competitive solicitation; <br /> <br />(3) The Federal awarding agency or pass-through entity expressly authorizes <br />noncompetitive proposals in response to a written request from the non-Federal <br />entity; or