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19 <br />Consequently, since all parcels in the Maintenance District have good access and <br />proximity to the Improvements and the benefits to relatively closer proximity are offset <br />by other factors, additional proximity is not considered to be a factor in determining <br />benefit within the Maintenance District. Therefore, zones of benefit are not justified or <br />needed within the Maintenance District. <br />Method of Assessment <br />As previously discussed, the Assessments provide comprehensive Improvements that <br />clearly confers direct and special benefits to properties in the Maintenance District. <br />The allocation of special benefits to property is primarily based on the type of property <br />and the size of property. These benefits can also partially be measured by the <br />occupants on property in the Maintenance District because such parcel population <br />density is a measure of the relative benefit a parcel receives from the Improvements. It <br />should be noted that many other types of "traditional" assessments also use parcel <br />population densities to apportion the assessments. For example, the assessments for <br />sewer systems, roads and water systems are typically allocated based on the <br />population density of the parcels assessed. Therefore, the apportionment of benefit is <br />reasonably based on the type of parcel, the size of parcels and the population density of <br />parcels. <br />A critical step in apportioning assessments is to determine the relative special benefit <br />for each property. This process involves determining the relative benefit received by <br />each property in relation to a single-family home, or, in other words, on the basis of <br />Single -Family Equivalent (SFE) units. This SFE methodology is commonly used to <br />distribute assessments in proportion to estimated special benefit and is generally <br />recognized as providing the basis for a fair and appropriate distribution of assessments. <br />For the purposes of this Engineer's Report, all properties are designated an SFE value, <br />which is each property's relative benefit in relation to a single-family home on one <br />parcel. In this case, the "benchmark" property is the single family detached dwelling <br />which is one Single Family Equivalent unit or one SFE. <br />Finally, the special benefits to be derived from the Assessments will be conferred on <br />property and are not based on a specific property owner's use of the Improvements, a <br />specific property owner's occupancy of property, or the property owner's demographic <br />status such as age or number of dependents. The benefits derived to property are <br />related to the average number of people who could potentially live on, work at, or <br />otherwise could occupy a property, not how the property is currently used by the <br />present owner. Therefore, the number of people who could, or potentially, live on, work <br />at, or otherwise occupy a property is one indicator of the relative level of benefit <br />received by a property. <br />In conclusion, the Assessment Engineer determined that the appropriate method of <br />assessment apportionment should be based on the type of property, the relative size of <br />the property, property location, its relative population, and its proximity to the <br />landscaping and open space facilities. This method is further described below. <br />City of Pleasanton <br />Landscape Maintenance District No. 1993-1, Windsor Engineer's Report, Fiscal Year 2025-26 <br />