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City of Pleasanton—Hidden Canyon Residences and Preserve Draft EIR Greenhouse Gas Emissions FirstCarbon Solutions 3.7-5 https://adecinnovations.sharepoint.com/sites/PublicationsSite/Shared Documents/Publications/Client (PN-JN)/2148/21480016/EIR/3 - Draft EIR/21480016 Sec03-07 GHG.docx Federal Regulations for GHGs The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA ) is the governing body responsible for regulating air pollution in the United States and setting nationwide air quality and emissions standards. The EPA adopts and implements several regulations to reduce GHG emissions as well. These include GHG emission reduction standards for passenger cars and light-duty trucks, heavy- duty trucks (including buses), commercial aircraft and large business jets, heavy equipment (with spark-ignition engines and compression-ignition diesel engines), locomotives, marine vessels, recreational vehicles, and small equipment/tools. California has implemented more stringent GHG emissions reduction regulations on the same sources listed above (excepting commercial aircraft and large business jets). Therefore, those regulations and their impact are discussed in greater detail below. State Regulations for GHGs California has taken several legislative steps to reduce Statewide GHG emissions and is internationally known for its leadership on action to address climate change. In 2006, the California Legislature passed AB 32, which created a comprehensive, multi-year program to reduce GHG emissions in California and required the State (by law) to reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. The Legislature built upon this law by passing SB 32, which requires the State to reduce GHG emissions 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 and later passed AB 1279 which requires the State to achieve net-zero GHG emissions by 2045, and net-negative emissions thereafter. To achieve these State-mandated emissions reduction targets, a document known as the Scoping Plan was required to be created by the ARB beginning in 2007 and be updated at least once every 5 years to “ensure the GHG emissions reduction activities to be adopted and implemented by the state board are complementary, nonduplicative, and can be implemented in an efficient and cost-effective manner.” The Scoping Plan outlines strategies across nearly all levels of California’s government and economy and defines–at a granular level—the regulatory actions needed to reduce GHG emissions from all economic sectors to meet the targets. The ARB is the Statewide governing body which focuses on California’s unique air quality challenges by setting the State’s own, stricter, GHG and air pollutant emissions standards for a range of Statewide pollution sources including vehicles, fuels, on- and off-road equipment, and consumer products. The ARB also manages the cap-and-trade program to achieve GHG emission reductions from large industrial facilities. ARB has pioneered a range of approaches in California that have set the standard for effective air and climate programs for the nation and the world. ARB regulations, based on extensive research and established science, have driven innovation leading to significant technological developments such as the production of low- and zero-emission cars and trucks and cleaner fuels. As stated, ARB is tasked by the Legislature with updating the Scoping Plan, which was most recently adopted in 2022 (2022 Scoping Plan), to ensure the State carries out actions to meet the 2030 and 2045 GHG emissions reduction targets. Other State agencies responsible for regulating GHGs include: