Evaluation of Groundwater Supply Alternatives Within Bernal Subbasin

EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER SUPPLY ALTERNATIVES WITHIN BERNAL SUBBASIN APRIL 2026 / FINAL / CAROLLO CITY OF PLEASANTON 23 5.3 50-Year Life Cycle Cost Comparison 5.3.1 Cost Estimates Capital and annual costs were estimated at a conceptual level to allow comparison of each alternative. The following subsections summarize capital costs, annual O&M costs, and total annual costs. All cost estimates presented have been escalated to reflect January 2026 dollars. 5.3.2 Capital Costs The project alternatives are at the preliminary engineering phase with limited design information. A feasibility-level project cost estimate for each alternative was prepared in accordance with the Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering Class 5 standards. Class 5 estimates are adequate for determining feasibility and the comparison and selection of alternatives. The Class 5 estimates include the following four components:  Total Direct Cost - Includes all costs associated with labor, materials, and equipment necessary for the construction of the facilities.  Total Estimated Construction Cost – In addition to total direct cost, includes construction costs that are not readily seen in the end product, such as general conditions, sales tax, construction contingency, and contractor overhead and profit, and change order allowance.  Total Estimated Project Cost – In addition to total estimated construction cost, includes design, permitting, legal, and administrative costs. Includes costs for construction support with construction management and engineering services during construction. Alternative 1 includes no capital costs for groundwater supply improvements. It does include capital costs for a new turnout from Zone 7’s transmission system, including fluoridation facilities at the turnout, and improvements to the City’s distribution system as described in Section 2. Refer to Appendix B for details on the cost estimate for the turnout and fluoridation facilities and Appendix A for details on the cost estimate for the City distribution improvements. The total estimated capital cost for Alternative 1 is summarized in Table 9. Table 9 Alternative 1 - Summary of Total Estimated Capital Cost Capital Improvement Category Estimated Capital Cost ($)(1) City Distribution 12,290,000 Groundwater Supply(2) 0 Total 12,290,000 Notes: (1) Values are rounded to the nearest ten thousandth place. (2) This alternative does not include groundwater supply capital improvement costs because GPQ is purchased from Zone 7 as described in Section 2.3. Alternative 2 requires the same turnout and City distribution improvements and costs as Alternative 1. Alternative 2 also includes new joint groundwater supply improvements with Zone 7 and the costs developed in the Regional Groundwater Facilities Project Feasibility Study (see Appendix E) were used for